The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is a comprehensive government-sponsored crop insurance scheme covering the pre-sowing to post-harvesting period. It gives financial support to the farmers who are suffering from crop damage/crop loss. It helps in stabilizing the farmer’s income and ensures the flow of some credit in the agriculture sector. Historical Background Pradhan … Read more
Gully erosion is a severe type of soil erosion that occurs when surface water runoff forms channels that erode soil along drainage lines. Gully erosion, in contrast to sheet or rill erosion, results in the creation of deep and broad channels that quickly widen during heavy rains. These gullies not only degrade the land, but … Read more
Why In the News? The 20th installment of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi(PM Kisan) scheme was issued by the Prime Minister of India on August 2, 2025, from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. What is PM Kisan? Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi(PM Kisan) Yojana is under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. It has been … Read more
Peaty soil, one of the rare and precious types of soil, plays a significant role in both agricultural and environmental science. The slow deposition of plant materials in waterlogged conditions over thousands of years has resulted in the formation of this type of wetland soil, which is rich in organic matter. It is characterized by … Read more
Through soil agriculture, vegetation and ecological equilibrium are achieved because soil is a vital component of the Earth’s ecosystem. However, not all soils are equally productive or conducive to cultivation. In most parts of the world, including India, saline soil is one type that significantly hinders agricultural activity and land productivity. To sustainably use land … Read more
Agriculture comes from the soil, which is also the foundation of all life on Earth. The arid soil occupies a distinct position among the numerous types of soil that exist on Earth. This is soil typically found in arid and desolate areas, and it is a story of survival against harsh climatic conditions. Although it … Read more
Soil like laterite soil is the foundation of farming and the basis of all plant life, serving as an essential component of food production and ecological stability. It stands out among the various types of soils found in India and other tropical regions due to its unique properties, origin, and diverse applications. It presents both … Read more
One of the most significant types of soil is forest soil, which is found throughout the world. It is the foundation of the forest ecosystem, sustaining an enormous diversity of flora and fauna. There are tall trees, fragile bushes and shrubs, and microorganisms all the way down to individual cells; the life cycle in the … Read more
The Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), also called the Greater one-horned rhino, is one of the most well-known and magnificent animals found in India. Having a thick, armor-like skin, a big size, and a solitary horn, this king of the forest is both ecologically and culturally important. Also known as the one-horned rhino, the species … Read more
Soil forms the very foundation of terrestrial life. Among the various types of soil found across the globe, clay soil stands out for its distinct properties, richness in nutrients, and wide range of uses. Though it can be difficult to work with, clay soil plays a vital role in agriculture, construction, and even pottery. In … Read more